Each year there are a significant number of electrical accidents resulting in serious injury and death. Electrical hazards include shock, arc flash & arc blast, and fire ignition. An arc flash hazard assessment (or risk assessment) is a critical engineering study used to identify potential electrical arc flash risks, determine safe working distances, and select appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). In 2026, compliance with these assessments is mandated by standards such as NFPA 70E and OSHA, which require reviews at least every five years or after major system modifications. An Arc-Flash Hazard Assessment is part of an overall electrical hazard assessment required by OSHA and NFPA 70E. The Arc-Flash Hazard Assessment determines the degree to which a worker may be exposed to potential Arc-Flash Hazards and what kind of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is required to protect workers from the heat, light, and blast associated with an Arc-Flash accident. Arc-Flash labeling became an NFPA requirement in 2002 and have been updated several times. The latest standard makes it clear what information needs to be included in the labels. Arc-Flash labeling is required on many types of equipment used at water and wastewater treatment plants, and pump stations. This equipment includes switchboards, switchgear, panel boards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, and motor control panels. An Arc-Flash Hazard study will collect data and using a model of the electrical system calculate the information necessary to be included on the hazard label. The study will determine the arc-flash boundaries, working distances, incident energies, and PPE requirements. The information on the hazard labels allows the qualified worker to determine the actual PPE that is needed to perform the work.