Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) remain a persistent challenge for water utilities, particularly in systems relying on surface water sources with high levels of natural organic material. Formed when disinfectants such as chlorine react with organic and inorganic matter, DBPs—including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and other regulated and emerging compounds—pose both regulatory compliance issues and public health concerns. Utilities across the nation face unique environmental conditions, such as elevated temperatures and organic-rich source waters, that can accelerate DBP formation and complicate compliance with the EPA’s Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (DBPR). This presentation will examine the sources and factors influencing DBP formation, with emphasis on strategies for reducing formation potential while maintaining effective microbial protection. We will review both conventional and advanced treatment approaches—such as enhanced pre-treatment, optimized coagulation, alternative disinfectants, and aeration or stripping systems—that can support compliance across the full spectrum of regulated DBPs. In addition, the role of real-time water quality monitoring, predictive modeling, and data-driven operational adjustments will be highlighted as essential tools for proactive DBP management. Case studies from regional utilities will provide practical insights into how operators are adapting treatment processes, mitigating DBP risks, and developing long-term management plans under challenging source water and climate conditions.